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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
护航春运路的“蜘蛛侠”****** (新春走基层)护航春运路的“蜘蛛侠” 中新网广州1月10日电题：护航春运路的“蜘蛛侠” 作者 郭军 陆省省 春运归途，思乡心切，一趟趟列车载着团圆的渴望抵达终点。在繁忙的京广铁路大动脉上，有这样一群铁路人，他们既是“山大王”也是“蜘蛛侠”，日常工作就是巡山巡河，攀岩爬山。 1月10日8时许，广铁集团广州工务段源潭路基车间连江口路基检查工区工长苏李力，带领3名职工前往鸡咀山进行岩石裂隙检查及碎石处理，防止落石砸到车窗，影响安全。记者跟随他们经过一个多小时的行车，来到了检查地点。 苏李力所在的工区，是个仅有10名职工的小班组，却承担了车间管内120公里的巡山巡河任务和路基设备检查工作，管辖着89个山头，是名副其实的“山大王”。 鸡咀山大概30米高，靠近线路那边就像被刀切过一样，与线路垂直。检查人员在接近山顶时，要走过大约5米长的“悬空”地段，由于岩体凹陷，钢丝网覆盖后，形成“真空”，有种高空走钢丝的感觉。 作业人员在绑好安全绳后，他们沿着超过70度的斜坡缓缓向上走，刚开始还有宽约50公分的台阶，大概5米左右，山体已被主动网(粗约1公分的钢丝结成的网)包裹，需要用两根挂钩勾住钢丝，缓慢交替爬行，就像攀岩的“蜘蛛侠”。工长苏李力一边攀爬，一边查看山体岩石情况。  图为作业人员进行岩体检查 陆省省 摄“我们还要检查一下那些地锚，看地锚是否稳固。雨水冲刷可会造成这些裂隙，裂隙有可能会造成这些地锚的松动，如果松动的话，我要及时处理加固了。”苏李力说道。 记者跟随作业人员爬到了山顶，山虽然不高，但还是攀爬的比较艰难。作业人员一边爬，一边要察看岩体状况，有没有裂隙碎石。爬上山顶，工长苏李力发现了一处碎石较多的地方，指挥大家小心处理碎石。 苏李力告诉记者，“因为石头是石灰岩，比较松软，雨水一冲刷就会造成这些碎石，碎石如果风化脱落以后打到车窗，可能会引发事故。春运期间，我们也会加强检查和处理的频次，保证列车运行平稳。” 源潭路基车间技术员李坚也在一旁说道：“这个岩体很多地方都有开裂，我们目前的工程措施是采用这个主动网对山体进行包拢，平常检查中，发现有脱离母岩倾向的岩体，也会及时进行砂浆危岩加固。” 作业人员花了将近两个多小时，一步步地仔细检查了岩体情况，对斜坡上疯涨的灌木进行清砍。俗话说，上山容易下山难，对于这段路，上下山都难。工长苏李力虽然爬过了不知多少遍，但每次都爬的小心翼翼。春运来了，为了保障京广铁路大动脉的安全，他们增加了巡查频次，也增加了更多防护措施。(完)
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